In adults, considering the appendages, the skin forms a large surface of 30 m 2. The translational challenges of the presented microbiome-based concepts are also discussed. The latest methodological developments for skin microbiome analysis and the specific regulatory/safety environment of microbiome-derived solutions used in the dermo-cosmetic industry are summarized. It also focuses on how this knowledge is translated into products/concepts in the dermo-cosmetic field. The main aim of this review is to share a global view covering mechanistic knowledge regarding the interaction between the microbiome (gut and skin) and the skin. New products that respect, protect or rebalance the skin microbiome are a new trend in the dermo-cosmetic industry. For example, microbiome-derived and personalized dermo-cosmetic development would be possible, due to the advancement in skin microbiome analysis and diagnosis. These recent discoveries have changed our perception of the role of bacteria in skin health. A deeper knowledge of the microbiome, specifically that of the skin, opens perspectives for a revolution in dermo-cosmetic development. New knowledge on lung, oral cavity, and skin microbiome is beginning to emerge. A major focus was put on the gut microbiome, and its role in human health has been well established. For several decades, scientists have been interested in the microbiome and its impact on human health. The most promising skin and gut-derived microbiome interventional strategies are presented, along with regulatory, safety, industrial, and technical challenges related to a successful translation of these microbiome-based concepts/technologies in the dermo-cosmetic industry.Īpplications of Microbiome sciences are very large and have been proposed as a potential target solution for the 21st century socio-economic and environmental challenges. Solutions derived from these two paths are used to develop novel microbiome-based ingredients or solutions acting on skin homeostasis are proposed. Moreover, it provides a summary of the latest findings on interactions between the microbiomes (gut and skin) and skin health/disease. This review provides an overview of how the landscape of skin microbiome research has evolved from method development (multi-omics/data-based analytical approaches) to the discovery and development of novel microbiome-derived ingredients. A standardized and robust investigation of the skin microbiome is necessary to provide accurate microbial information and set the base for a successful translation of innovations in the dermo-cosmetic field. Despite an incomplete toolbox for skin microbiome analyses, much progress has been made towards functional dissection of microbiomes and host-microbiome interactions. Skin microbiome has emerged as a new field with high potential to develop disruptive solutions to manage skin health and disease. The microbiome, as a community of microorganisms and their structural elements, genomes, metabolites/signal molecules, has been shown to play an important role in human health, with significant beneficial applications for gut health.
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